When international human rights experts and South Korean civil leaders gathered at the Korea Press Centre in Seoul on 7th August 2026, they delivered a clear and unified message: protecting religious freedom is not about endorsing any particular theological belief, but about upholding the universal principles of human rights.
Organised by Human Rights Without Frontiers (HRWF) in collaboration with CAP-LC, FOREF Germany, CESNUR, and Bitter Winter, the press conference focused on growing concerns regarding state neutrality, due process, and the continued pretrial detention of 95-year-old Chairman ManHee Lee of Shincheonji Church of Jesus.
International Law and Precedents: The Principle of Proportionality
A central theme raised by the international legal experts was South Korea's obligations under international human rights law. As a state party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention Against Torture, South Korea is required to ensure that pretrial detention is used only when it is necessary, lawful, and proportionate.
Thierry Valle, President of CAP-LC, questioned whether the continued pretrial detention of a 95-year-old defendant is consistent with these international commitments. He argued that, in comparable circumstances, humanitarian alternatives such as bail or house arrest are widely recognised and routinely employed in many legal systems around the world.
To illustrate this principle, Valle pointed to several international precedents:
- Hong Kong (2022): Cardinal Joseph Zen was granted bail while facing national security-related charges.
- Vietnam: Venerable Thich Quang Do was placed under house arrest rather than held in physical detention.
Dr. Massimo Introvigne of CESNUR also referenced the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules), arguing that the detention of a 95-year-old individual facing non-violent charges should be assessed in light of humanitarian considerations. He maintained that alternatives such as house arrest would better reflect the principles of proportionality and respect for human dignity embodied in international standards.
Academic Research: The Real-World Impact of Stigmatisation
The panel also highlighted the broader societal consequences of religious stigmatisation. Márk Nemes, Deputy Director of CESNUR, presented findings from three recent academic studies examining Shincheonji congregations in Europe, Argentina, and Australia.
According to Nemes, the research suggests that negative public narratives and official labelling practices originating in South Korea can have international repercussions, affecting how Shincheonji members are perceived and treated in other countries. He argued that such dynamics may undermine the protections for freedom of thought, conscience, and religion, as well as freedom of expression, enshrined in Articles 18 and 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).
The experts further cautioned that the use of theological labels such as "cult" or "false prophet" by state authorities or media organisations may risk compromising perceptions of investigative neutrality and the presumption of innocence. They argued that legal and judicial proceedings should be conducted on the basis of objective evidence and established legal standards, rather than religious characterisations.
Domestic Solidarity: Buddhist and Veteran Voices for Universal Rights
Concerns about judicial fairness were echoed not only by international observers but also by representatives from South Korea's religious and civic communities, who framed the issue as one of universal human rights rather than theological agreement.
Among the speakers was Venerable Beopsan, President of the Daegak Buddhist Jogye Order, who stressed that while the state has a responsibility to enforce the law, it should not assume the role of a "theological judge." He argued that the strength of a democratic society is reflected in its ability to protect minority rights and uphold the dignity of every individual, regardless of religious affiliation.
Ryu Jae-shik, Seoul Chapter Head of the 6·25 Korean War Veterans Association, also appealed for humanitarian consideration. Citing Chairman Lee's status as a Korean War veteran and advanced age, he urged the authorities to set aside prejudice and allow him to stand trial without physical detention.
A Call to Uphold International Human Rights Standards
Following the press conference, the participating international delegates signed a joint statement and delivered a petition to the National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK).
Grounding their appeal in international human rights treaties, comparative legal practice, academic research, and expressions of cross-religious solidarity, the delegates called on South Korea's judicial institutions to uphold due process, ensure that pretrial detention remains proportionate and necessary, and apply humanitarian alternatives where appropriate. They argued that adherence to these principles would reinforce the country's commitment to the rule of law and internationally recognised human rights standards.
Source: https://vo.la/BlVPawp









